{"id":2357,"date":"2019-11-25T18:02:58","date_gmt":"2019-11-25T17:02:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/?p=2357"},"modified":"2019-11-25T18:02:58","modified_gmt":"2019-11-25T17:02:58","slug":"la-sncf-sous-loccupation-racontee-sans-manicheisme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/?p=2357","title":{"rendered":"La SNCF sous l\u2019Occupation, racont\u00e9e sans manich\u00e9isme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2372 alignnone\" src=\"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.40.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"321\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.40.png 321w, http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.40-300x93.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 321px) 100vw, 321px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2371\" src=\"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.46.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"610\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.46.png 610w, http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.46-300x222.png 300w, http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Capture-d\u2019e\u0301cran-2019-11-25-a\u0300-17.46.46-364x270.png 364w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"article__heading\">\n<p class=\"article__desc\">Le documentaire de Catherine Bernstein fait une lecture nuanc\u00e9e du r\u00f4le des cheminots pendant la guerre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"meta meta__publisher\"><span class=\"meta__author\"> Par <a class=\"article__author-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/signataires\/philippe-jean-catinchi\/\">Philippe-Jean Catinchi<\/a> <\/span> <span class=\"meta__date\">Publi\u00e9 le 21 novembre 2019 \u00e0 03h02 &#8211; Mis \u00e0 jour le 21 novembre 2019 \u00e0 06h13<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph \">Lorsque le film de Ren\u00e9 Cl\u00e9ment, <em>La Bataille du rail,<\/em> est projet\u00e9 au premier Festival de Cannes, son accueil chaleureux \u2013 il y remporte les prix du jury international et de la mise en sc\u00e8ne avant de d\u00e9crocher en fin d\u2019ann\u00e9e le premier prix M\u00e9li\u00e8s, au titre du meilleur film de 1946 \u2013 contribue \u00e0 fonder la l\u00e9gende d\u2019une exemplaire r\u00e9sistance fran\u00e7aise face \u00e0 l\u2019occupant nazi. Cette vision h\u00e9ro\u00efque de l\u2019engagement des cheminots n\u2019est \u00e9corn\u00e9e qu\u2019un quart de si\u00e8cle plus tard, lors du d\u00e9bat t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9 des \u00ab\u00a0Dossiers de l\u2019\u00e9cran\u00a0\u00bb, qui suit la diffusion du film de Cl\u00e9ment, o\u00f9 est pos\u00e9e la responsabilit\u00e9 des conducteurs des convois qui assuraient la d\u00e9portation vers les camps.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph \">Mais l\u2019argument fait long feu, et il faut attendre les ann\u00e9es 1990 pour que le sujet devienne un enjeu m\u00e9moriel fort, o\u00f9 le soup\u00e7on d\u2019une collaboration active avec l\u2019ennemi entache la belle image de la geste cheminote.<\/p>\n<p class=\"article__paragraph \">L\u00e9gende dor\u00e9e contre l\u00e9gende noire, le documentaire de Catherine Bernstein, co\u00e9crit par l\u2019historien Laurent Douzou, auteur de la si pr\u00e9cieuse <em>R\u00e9sistance fran\u00e7aise\u00a0: une histoire p\u00e9rilleuse<\/em> (Seuil, 2005), refuse les simplismes et offre une lecture nuanc\u00e9e, sans \u00eatre timor\u00e9e, de ce moment terrible. D\u2019autant que les t\u00e9moins sont film\u00e9s avec d\u00e9licatesse, sans souci de sensationnalisme. Sur un tel dossier, il \u00e9tait n\u00e9cessaire de convaincre l\u2019entreprise d\u2019apporter son concours. Ainsi les ressources de l\u2019Institut national de l\u2019audiovisuel (INA) conjugu\u00e9es aux\u00a0extraits du film de Cl\u00e9ment, toujours sourc\u00e9s, permettent un montage judicieux qui sert au mieux le propos.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/culture\/article\/2019\/11\/21\/la-sncf-sous-l-occupation-racontee-sans-manicheisme_6019953_3246.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>LIRE LA SUITE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le documentaire de Catherine Bernstein fait une lecture nuanc\u00e9e du r\u00f4le des cheminots pendant la guerre. Par Philippe-Jean Catinchi Publi\u00e9 le 21 novembre 2019 \u00e0 03h02 &#8211; Mis \u00e0 jour le 21 novembre 2019 \u00e0 06h13 Lorsque le film de Ren\u00e9 Cl\u00e9ment, La Bataille du rail, est projet\u00e9 au premier Festival de Cannes, son accueil &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/?p=2357\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualite-de-la-deportation","category-actualite-de-la-resistance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2357"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2382,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2357\/revisions\/2382"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/jnr-cpl.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}